General Pathology Quiz

Q.1

Hyperplasia:

is characterized by an increase in cell number
is characterized by an increase in cell size, leading to an increase in organ size
is characterized by smaller-than-normal cells which may undergo necrosis
is always a pathologic process

Q.2

Apoptosis:

is usually a regulated, controlled process
plays a role in embryogenesis
both
neither

Q.3

Which is the usual sequence in the appearance of cells in an acute inflammatory response with healing?

Neutrophils, fibroblasts, monocytes, plasma cells
Monocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, fibroblasts
Neutrophils, monocytes, plasma cells, fibroblasts
Plasma cells, neutrophils, monocytes, fibroblasts

Q.4

XY presents to your clinic. He explains that last night he broke up with his girlfriend, the name of whom he had tattooed on his thumb. In the throes of his drunken misery, he burned the tattoo off with his Bic lighter. Clinical signs and symptoms of the lesion on his thumb include which of the following:

a. Rubor (redness)
b. Tumor (swelling)
c. Calor (heat)
d. Dolor (pain)
e. All of the above

Q.5

A week later XY again presents to your clinic. Apparently he received a lot of grief from his co-workers at the gas station about the Power Ranger’s Band-Aids you used to cover his thumb lesion, so he took them off. The wound looks worse in that it is much more erythematous and more painful to touch. Upon culture, numerous pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus organisms grow. The most important system for the killing of bacteria processed by XY’s PMNs (assuming they are normal) is which of the following:

a. Oxygen dependent, myeloperoxidase independent system
b. Oxygen dependent, myeloperoxidase dependent system
c. Oxygen independent, myeloperoxidase independent system
d. Oxygen independent, myeloperoxidase dependent system
e. AK-47 system

Q.6

Several days later XY shows up again. This time the lesion is bulging and quite warm to touch. You suspect an abscess has formed, especially because when you lance it, foul-smelling purulent debris is exuded. You take some of the debris, smear it out on a slide, and stain it. You expect to see mostly which of the following:

a. Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages
b. Proliferation of fibroblasts and small blood vessels
c. PMNs and necrotic debris
d. Collections of histiocytes and giant cells
e. All of the above

Q.7

Upon lancing the abscess, you accidentally created an incision to large to be closed with Band-Aids and anyway, XY does not want anymore Band-Aids. Sutures are needed. You know that suturing the wound will allow it to heal by primary intention. Even if you did not suture the wound and left it open, it would heal by secondary intention. Features shared by both primary and secondary intention healing include which of the following:

a. Angiogenesis or neovascularization of new blood vessels
b. Migration and proliferation of fibroblasts
c. Deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM)
d. Remodeling or maturation and organization of the fibrous tissue
e. All of the above

Q.8

While you suture up his wound, XY tells you that he is back together with his girlfriend. He wants to know if his skin will eventually be strong enough to allow for the re-tattooing of her name. You tell him the following EXCEPT:

a. Keep the wound clean because infection is the number one cause of delayed healing.
b. Eat well and take your vitamins in order not to delay healing.
c. At the end of one week wound strength is about 10% of the strength of unwounded skin.
d. Wound strength rapidly increases over 4-5 weeks following damage.
e. Because scars are made of collagen, the wound will regain the original – if not more – tensile strength.

Q.9

If XY had used an eraser to rub out his girlfriend’s name tattooed on his thumb, and rubbed so hard that flecks of rubber from the eraser penetrated and became embedded into the underlying dermis, you would expect to see a granulomatous-type inflammatory reaction. True statements regarding granulomatous inflammation include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. It is dependent on humoral mediated immunity.
b. It is considered a chronic inflammatory process.
c. It is characterized histologically by aggregates of histiocytes and giant cells.
d. It most often occurs in response to indigestible organisms or particles.
e. It progresses to repair if there is damage to the stromal framework.

Q.10

Which of the following is true regarding wound healing by first intention vs. second intention?

Wounds which heal by second intention contain infectious organisms.
In wound healing by first intention there is little damage to the underlying tissue architecture.
Wound healing by second intention occurs only in tissues composed of stable non-dividing cells.
Fibrosis and scarring are greater in wounds healed by first intention compared to wounds healed by second intention.

Q.11

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD):

occurs after autologous transplant of any organ to an immunocompromised recipient.
leads to cellular rejection of the transplanted organ.
is an allogeneic attack on host tissues by donor lymphoid cells.
causes gradual loss of transplanted organ function over time.